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nginx+php-fpm+mysql分离部署详解

2019-12-22 23:36:01
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nginx+php-fpm+MySQL分离部署详解

相信大家将这三者部署到同一台主机应该已经不陌生了,今天在这里,给大家演示一下如何将三者部署到三台主机上。

实验系统:CentOS 6.6_x86_64

实验前提:大部分软件使用编译安装,请提前准备好编译环境,防火墙和selinux都关闭

实验软件:nginx-1.9.3 mariadb-10.0.20 php-5.6.11 memcache-2.2.7 xcache-3.2.0

实验拓扑:

一、安装nginx

  1.解决依赖关系:

    需要专门安装pcre-devel包:

1 yum -y install pcre-devel

  2.添加nginx用户:

1 useradd -r nginx

  3.解压并编译安装nginx:

 1 tar xf nginx-1.9.3.tar.gz  2 cd nginx-1.9.3 3 ./configure / 4   --PRefix=/usr/local/nginx /                    //安装位置 5   --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /            //程序文件 6   --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /                //配置文件安装位置 7   --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log /           //错误日志安装位置 8   --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log /           //访问日志安装位置 9   --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid  /              //pid文件位置10   --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock /                //锁文件位置11   --user=nginx /                            //运行进程时使用的用户身份12   --group=nginx /                           //运行进程时使用的用户组13   --with-http_ssl_module /                      //支持ssl模块14   --with-http_flv_module /                      //支持flv模块15   --with-http_stub_status_module /                 //支持stub_status模块16   --with-http_gzip_static_module /                 //支持gzip_static模块17   --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ /    //存储HTTP客户端请求body体的临时文件位置18   --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ /        //存储HTTP代理的临时文件位置19   --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ /        //存储fasycgi临时文件位置20   --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi /         //存储uwsgi临时文件位置21   --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi /          //存储scgi临时文件位置22   --with-pcre                             //支持pcre库23 make && make install

  4.提供脚本文件:

  1 vim /etc/init.d/nginx  2 --------------------------------  3 #!/bin/sh  4 #  5 # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon  6 #  7 # chkconfig:   - 85 15   8 # description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse /  9 #               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server 10 # processname: nginx 11 # config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 12 # config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx 13 # pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid 14   15 # Source function library. 16 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 17   18 # Source networking configuration. 19 . /etc/sysconfig/network 20   21 # Check that networking is up. 22 [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 23   24 nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" 25 prog=$(basename $nginx) 26   27 NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" 28   29 [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx 30   31 lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx 32   33 make_dirs() { 34    # make required directories 35    user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=/([^ ]*/).*//1/g' -` 36    options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` 37    for opt in $options; do 38        if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then 39            value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` 40            if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then 41                # echo "creating" $value 42                mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value 43            fi 44        fi 45    done 46 } 47   48 start() { 49     [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 50     [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 51     make_dirs 52     echo -n $"Starting $prog: " 53     daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE 54     retval=$? 55     echo 56     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile 57     return $retval 58 } 59   60 stop() { 61     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " 62     killproc $prog -QUIT 63     retval=$? 64     echo 65     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile 66     return $retval 67 } 68   69 restart() { 70     configtest || return $? 71     stop 72     sleep 1 73     start 74 } 75   76 reload() { 77     configtest || return $? 78     echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " 79     killproc $nginx -HUP 80     RETVAL=$? 81     echo 82 } 83   84 force_reload() { 85     restart 86 } 87   88 configtest() { 89   $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE 90 } 91   92 rh_status() { 93     status $prog 94 } 95   96 rh_status_q() { 97     rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 98 } 99  100 case "$1" in101     start)102         rh_status_q && exit 0103         $1104         ;;105     stop)106         rh_status_q || exit 0107         $1108         ;;109     restart|configtest)110         $1111         ;;112     reload)113         rh_status_q || exit 7114         $1115         ;;116     force-reload)117         force_reload118         ;;119     status)120         rh_status121         ;;122     condrestart|try-restart)123         rh_status_q || exit 0124             ;;125     *)126         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"127         exit 2128 esac129 --------------------------------130 chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx131 chkconfig --add nginx132 chkconfig nginx on133 service nginx start

  5.测试访问页面,nginx安装完毕:

二、安装mysql

  1.添加mysql用户和创建数据目录:

1 useradd -r mysql2 mkdir -pv /mydata/data3 chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data

  2.解压并初始化mysql:

1 tar xf mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/2 cd /usr/local/3 ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysql4 cd mysql/5 chown -R root:mysql .6 scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/

  3.提供配置文件:

1 cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf2 vim /etc/my.cnf3 修改此文件中thread_concurrency的值为你的CPU个数乘以2,比如:thread_concurrency = 24 另外还需要添加如下行指定mysql数据文件的存放位置:datadir = /mydata/data

  4.提供脚本文件:

1 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld2 chkconfig --add mysqld3 chkconfig mysqld on4 service mysqld start

  使用mysql目录的下的bin/mysql去连接mysql,出现如下画面表示连接成功:

  5.输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径:   

    编辑/etc/man.config,添加如下行即可:MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

  6.输出mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include:    这可以通过简单的创建链接实现:
1 ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include  /usr/include/mysql

  7.输出mysql的库文件给系统库查找路径:

1 echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf2 ldconfig

三、安装PHP

  1.解决依赖关系:

1 yum -y install libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt-devel

  2.编译安装php:

 1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php /      //安装位置 2  --with-mysql /                   //支持mysql 3  --with-pdo-mysql /                //支持pdo模块 4  --with-mysqli /                  //支持mysqli模块          5  --with-openssl /                  //支持openssl模块 6  --enable-fpm /                   //支持fpm模式 7  --enable-sockets /                //启用socket支持 8  --enable-sysvshm /                //启用系统共享内存支持 9  --enable-mbstring /                //使多字节字符串的支持10  --with-freetype-dir /              //设置FreeType安装前缀路径11  --with-jpeg-dir /                //设置libjpeg安装前缀路径12  --with-png-dir /                 //设置libpng安装前缀路径13  --with-zlib-dir /                //设置libz安装前缀路径14  --with-libxml-dir=/usr /            //设置libxml2安装路径15  --enable-xml /                 16  --with-mhash /                 //支持mhash17  --with-mcrypt /                 //支持mcrypt18  --with-config-file-path=/etc /        //配置文件路径19  --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d /   //配置文件扫描路径20  --with-bz2 /                      //支持BZip221  --with-curl                   //支持curl22 make && make install    

  3.提供配置文件:

1 cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

  4.为php-fpm提供脚本:

1 cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm2 chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm3 chkconfig --add php-fpm4 chkconfig php-fpm on

  5.提供php-fpm配置文件并编辑:

1 cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf2 ------------------------------------------------------3 pm.max_children = 1504 pm.start_servers = 85 pm.min_spare_servers = 56 pm.max_spare_servers = 107 pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
  6.启动php-fpm服务:
1 service php-fpm start

四、整合nginx与PHP

  1.nginx服务器建立网页文件存放目录/www,并修改其权限:

1 mkdir /www2 chown -R nginx:nginx /www

  2.修改nginx配置文件:

 1 vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 2 -------------------------------------- 3 location / { 4             root   /www; 5             index  index.php index.html index.htm; 6         } 7  8 location ~ /.php$ { 9             root           /www;10             fastcgi_pass   192.168.19.92:9000;11             fastcgi_index  index.php;12             fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;13             include        fastcgi_params;14         }

  3.修改fastcgi_params文件为:

 1 fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1; 2 fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx; 3 fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string; 4 fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method; 5 fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type; 6 fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length; 7 fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 8 fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name; 9 fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;10 fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;11 fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;12 fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;13 fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;14 fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;15 fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;16 fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;17 fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;
  4.在PHP服务器上,建立nginx用户,要保证和nginx服务器上的nginx用户id号、组id号一致:  5.修改php-fpm配置文件,并重启:
1 vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf2 ---------------------------------------------3 listen = 192.168.19.92:9000         //监听物理网卡地址,供其它机器调用4 user = nginx                           //php-fpm以nginx用户运行5 group = nginx6 ---------------------------------------------7 service php-fpm restart

  6.在PHP服务器上创建/www目录,并开启nfs服务:

1 mkdir /www2 chown -R nginx:nginx /www3 vim /etc/exports4 ---------------------------------------------5 /www    192.168.19.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)6 ---------------------------------------------7 service nfs start

  7.nginx服务器挂载nfs文件,并测试php,测试成功后删除index.php:

1 mount -t nfs 192.168.19.92:/www /www2 vim /www/index.php3 ---------------------------------------4 <?php5      phpinfo();6 ?>7 --------------------------------------8 service nginx restart

五、整合PHP与MYSQL

  在mysql服务器上创建php服务器能够访问的数据库和用户:

1 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql2 --------------------------------------------3 CREATE DATABASE Wordpress;4 GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'wordpress'@'192.168.19.92' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';5 FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

六、安装wordpress

  1.在/www文件夹下放入网页文件

  2.访问http://192.168.19.83,并按提示进行安装,配置没问题则会安装成功

七、为php安装xcache

  1.解压并安装:

1 tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz 2 cd xcache-3.2.03 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize4 ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config5 make && make install

    完成后,会出现:Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/

  2.加载模块:

1 vim /etc/php.ini2 -----------------------------------3 extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xcache.so        //找到extension配置的地方,加上此句

八、为php安装memcache

  1.解压并安装:

1 tar xf memcache-2.2.7.tgz 2 cd memcache-2.2.73 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize4  ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcache5 make && make install

    完成后,会出现:Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/

  2.加载模块:

1 vim /etc/php.ini2 -----------------------------------3 extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/memcache.so        //找到extension配置的地方,加上此句

  3.两个加速模块都安装完毕,重启php-fpm:

1 service php-fpm restart

  4.创建一个php测试页,并查看模块是否加载成功:

至此,演示完毕。如果您发现了什么问题,请及时联系我,谢谢! QQ:82800452


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